月夜奇缘
发表于 2007-6-15 09:43:08
[讨论]在单件流(精益线)中如何防止员工效率下降
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">现在单件流在许多企业都有推行</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">但有些行业各种设备之间的技术差异很大</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">现场效率对工人技术信赖性很强</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">一个工人即使经过培训</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">却操作另一种设备时仍然会有较大的效率下降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">如要达到熟练操作两种以上设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">需要相当长的时间</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">而许多企业管理人员无法接受他们心目中的熟练工人效率下跌</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">认为是一种很大的损失</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">.<p></p></font></span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">如一条线有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">16</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">(</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">非柔性线</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">因组长本位主义问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">各组之间调动较困难</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">),</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">其中配备了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">A</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备工人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">12</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,B</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备工人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">2</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,C</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备工人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">2</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">(</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">其中有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">6</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人接受了本职位外的另一种设备培训</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">但不熟练</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">如转换</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">会有至少</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">30%</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">以上的效率下降</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">),</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">现前一批产品需要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">A</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">11</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,B</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">4</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,C</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">1</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">后一批产品需要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">A</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">5</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,B</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">4</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">,C</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">种设备</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">4</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">(</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">类似这种差异很大的跳动经常发生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">),</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: ''; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">请问如果解决这种问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><font face="">?<p></p></font></span></font></p>
asususa
发表于 2007-6-15 22:11:10
月夜奇缘
发表于 2007-6-16 09:11:44
回楼上,不是做算术题,我举例只是想说明一种情况,虽然这里看起来是生产线平衡的问题,但是要杜绝这方面的效率下降,我个人认为应该从一些系列措施以及制度上去考虑了.
asususa
发表于 2007-6-16 22:15:54
一千七百年
发表于 2007-6-17 00:35:31
做全能化的培训！
中国坦克
发表于 2007-6-21 09:01:30
dui ,全能化的培训
alex_1
发表于 2007-6-22 11:52:14
生产线是如何布局的？是流水线还是单元线啊？
山野毛虫
发表于 2007-6-22 12:06:00
<p>就是，多能工是精益的需求之一，培训和检定是比较好的解决办法，但是建议可以在生产过程中实施轮换制，而不是仅仅当有需求时才把某某某调过去，让大家形成一种习惯。</p><p>本位主义哪都有，我培养的人为什么要给别人用？除了主管的管理艺术之外，和硬性的要求之外，不妨也可以想一些其它办法，比如培养的人表现作为其绩效指标之一等等都可以想，只要精神不滑坡，办法总比问题多，什么时候该强调什么时候该顺其自然，是遇到这种事的主管要去想的问题。</p>
月夜奇缘
发表于 2007-6-27 14:40:42
谢谢楼上所有家人,生产线是流水线,说来也苦恼,培训我也知道啊,可是公司实行最低工资保障制度,在培训初期总是会有效率下降,而且本行业属于那是高手工要求,员工培训其他设备进展较慢,高层不管你品质下降了,库存降低了,只死盯着工人效率下降,补贴增多的问题,沟通也沟通不了,只好想办法减少和缩短振荡期了。
仁
发表于 2007-6-28 13:58:00
请应用学习曲线,来计算出掌握技能的时间,这样就可以告诉领导一个时间安排,领导就会心中有数了.学习曲线,可以参看<精益生产实战手册>.家园里有的.