菩提树下 发表于 2006-5-16 08:05:46

南方燥热—读菲兹杰拉德的《松包蛋》

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">南方燥热</span><font face="Times New Roman">—</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">读菲兹杰拉德的《松包蛋》</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">菲兹杰拉德因为太太是南方女孩,喜欢用南方为背景,写了许多美国南方在爵士时代(一战以后,经济大萧条之前)的生活。短篇《松包蛋》就是完全的南方题材。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">菲以长篇的成就在文学界和海明威并列。但真正为菲带来巨大经济收入的却是他为流行杂志写的近</span><font face="Times New Roman">160</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">篇短篇。现在读到这些短篇,依然能感觉到流行小说的影子。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">菲的小说因为其文字的功力和堪比欧亨利式的结尾,受读者的喜爱。《松包蛋》就是典型的菲式短篇。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“松包蛋”是指这样一种人:他们一生的故事都可以用第一人称单数加上一个动词再加上“无所事事”来讲述</span><font face="Times New Roman">--</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">我正在无所事事,我曾经无所事事,我将要无所事事。我读的虽是中译本,仍然能体会到菲用词和用句的美妙。这段文字如果在英文里表达,句式一定非常优美。事实上,整个小说的语句都较短,小说的节奏轻快,我的阅读速度也因为小说的节奏,变得很快。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">小说的主人公,生活在南方某小镇的吉姆,就是松包蛋。小说在一开头,接连两次肯定了这样的事实。这样的小说开头,早早地为整个小说定了灰色的基调</span><font face="Times New Roman">--</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">吉姆的生活,无论因为什么原因,在某一段时间,明亮起来,他的一辈子最终是平庸、窝囊、无所事事的</span><font face="Times New Roman">--</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">因为吉姆是松包蛋。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年轻吉姆,独自一人生活在小镇上。吉姆家的家道在他还是小孩子的时候就已经完全败落。</span><font face="Times New Roman">15</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">岁那年,吉姆学会了随心所欲地掷出他想要骰子的点数。喜欢坐在车库的断轴上,掷着骰子,用一根长长的稻草在嘴里没完没了的探来探去。</span><font face="Times New Roman">18</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">岁参军。</span><font face="Times New Roman">21</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">岁回到小镇,在车库帮忙,挣一点养活的小钱,过着松包蛋的生活。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">一次派对,吉姆邂逅美丽的南希。见到南希,“松包蛋睁大眼睛,喉咙也哽咽起来。”南希快结婚了,要嫁给小镇上做安全剃刀的马特利的儿子。对于南希的婚约,吉姆生平第一次感到了茫然的、浪漫的渴望。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">派对中,南希的鞋底粘上口香糖,无法继续跳舞。偶然,南希注意到缩在角落的吉姆,要求吉姆帮忙,弄掉口香糖。吉姆因此激动不安。南希试了一些方法,口香糖还是弄不下来。吉姆提议,大概汽油可以。因在车库帮忙,吉姆学会把汽油从车里弄出来。他带着南希来到停车场,放完了别人车里的汽油,也帮着弄掉了南希鞋底的口香糖。美丽的南希坐下来和吉姆聊上了天。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">派对后,南希酒醉,在掷骰场连本带利输掉所有的钱。吉姆英雄救美,使用掷骰的本领,赢回南希的钱。失态的南希当众激吻吉姆,并向吉姆示爱。这让在场的南希未婚夫,马特利,下不了台。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">派对的激情燃起了吉姆生活的热情。第二天下午,他打算离开车库,开始新的生活。小说的色彩在这里一下子明亮起来。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">然而正当吉姆热情满满的时候,朋友告诉他,南希昨夜的失态令南希父亲大怒,命令南希今天下午两点和马特利完婚。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">听到这个消息,吉姆闭上眼睛,竭力克制突如其来的痛苦。他的手指在车上留下一道细小的凹痕。小说结尾到,“</span><font face="Times New Roman">3</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">点的街头很热,</span><font face="Times New Roman">4</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">点就更热了。</span><font face="Times New Roman">4</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月的尘埃网住太阳,又将它释放出来,简直就是一个下午永远在开的玩笑。</span><font face="Times New Roman">........</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">松包蛋转身走进了杰克逊大街的一间台球室。在那里,他一定会遇到一群意气相投的伙伴,他们会开着古老的玩笑</span><font face="Times New Roman">--</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">那些他熟悉的玩笑。”</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><font size="3">小说在高潮的时候嘎然而止。就好比小提琴在乐曲高潮的地方,突然断了弦。明快的小说节奏,在结尾的地方,猛然变了味,回味给读者怅然。一口气读到底,读者情绪跟着小说节奏的变化,非常过瘾。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">流行小说的内涵远比不上长篇。菲在角色性格矛盾和内心冲突的刻画上并不精致。然而菲兹杰拉德的文字功力非常了得,让人读得酣畅淋漓。这就好比王菲的流行歌曲</span><font face="Times New Roman">--</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">说不上多大的艺术成就,但是符合大众的审美情趣。大而广之,流行艺术比古典艺术来得吃香的原因在于:古典的东西,曲高和寡,平常人就是想装高雅,也没资本。流行的东西,亲众亲民,想要表现点品位的,都可以拿来装小资。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="3"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">《松包蛋》收入在上海译文出版社刚刚推出的菲兹杰拉德中译版短篇小说集《疯狂星期日》。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></p></p>

清风徐来 发表于 2006-6-23 12:18:10

<p>菲兹杰拉德 </p><p>了不起的盖茨比 我看了很多遍</p><p>文笔简洁、优美,带着淡淡的忧伤</p>

zhaiyz 发表于 2006-9-22 17:06:00

<p>精彩.</p>
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