玻璃之墙（不读这篇文章是一种损失）
<SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">如果你把六只蜜蜂和同样多只苍蝇装进一个玻璃瓶中，然后将瓶子平放，让瓶底朝着窗户，会发生什么情况？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 你会看到，蜜蜂不停地想在瓶底上找到出口，一直到它们力竭倒毙或饿死；而苍蝇则会在不到两分钟之内，穿过另一端的瓶颈逃逸一空</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">--</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">事实上，正是由于蜜蜂对光亮的喜爱，由于它们的智力，蜜蜂才灭亡了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 蜜蜂以为，囚室的出口必然在光线最明亮的地方；它们不停地重复着这种合乎逻辑的行动。对蜜蜂来说，玻璃是一种超自然的神秘之物，它们在自然界中从没遇到过这种突然不可穿透的大气层；而它们的智力越高，这种奇怪的障碍就越显得无法接受和不可理解。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 那些愚蠢的苍蝇则对事物的逻辑毫不留意，全然不顾亮光的吸引，四下乱飞，结果误打误撞地碰上了好运气；这些头脑简单者总是在智者消亡的地方顺利得救。因此，苍蝇得以最终发现那个正中下怀的出口，并因此获得自由和新生。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 上面所讲的故事并非寓言，而是美国密执安大学教授卡尔</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">韦克转述的一个绝妙的实验。韦克是一个著名的组织行为学者，著有《组织的社会心理学》等书。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 韦克总结到：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">这件事说明，实验、坚持不懈、试错、冒险、即兴发挥、最佳途径、迂回前进、混乱、刻板和随机应变，所有这些都有助于应付变化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">”<BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 他进一步说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">我从大企业中所认识到的最重要的事情，就是当每人都遵循规则时，创造力便会窒息。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">这里的规则也就是瓶中蜜蜂所坚守的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">逻辑</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">，而坚守的结局是死亡。已有不止一家大企业到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">IDEO</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">取经。它们迫切想知道，怎样才能使自己变得更富活力、更有创造性？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 这样的问题之所以急迫，是因为管理模糊性、管理不确定性、管理变革，业已成为当今企业面临的头号任务。不确定性已经并将长期成为折磨企业的一种</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">慢性疾病</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">：比如，许多公司已停止印发组织结构图了，因为它几乎刚刚出来就会变得过时。在高科技企业，人人都知道，哪怕只预测几个月后的技术趋势都是一件浪费时间的徒劳之举。如果你对混沌理论有一点点认识的话，你会懂得世界既不可知，也不可预测。过去的企业好像一条悠哉游哉的豪华游轮，而现在的企业则好像波浪滔天的大海里的一只独木舟。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"></SPAN> <SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">但这样说也不是要鼓励我们对世界的悲观看法。韦克的观点是，对付不确定性的办法，是在瞬变时刻赋予事物以合理性，就像上述实验中的苍蝇一样。这意味着，面对趋于复杂的世界，如果你想使之成理（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">sensemaking</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">），就必须拥有随机性的智慧而不是教条式的智慧，如本刊</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">2001</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">月号社论《走向</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">测不准</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">的管理中》所述的布拉多印第安人，他们通过炙烤鹿骨来决定狩猎的走向，如此方可称为真正的智慧。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 为什么这样讲？由于狩猎是布拉多印第安人千百次进行的一项活动，他们得以积累丰富的有关猎物、追踪、天气和地形的经验。通常情况下，他们会依靠狩猎队伍中经验丰富的猎手的知识和智力进行判断；然而在外界环境的变数加大或遭遇其他特殊情况时，布拉多印第安人便会把经验搁置一旁，转而求助于非逻辑性的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">魔法</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">。从现代的理性人的观念来看，这样做简直荒唐可笑，但布拉多印第安人的魔法却带来了一些超出经验的新事物，使狩猎最终得以成功。魔法为其固定的狩猎模式引入了一个随机的变数，狩猎的战术因此不会墨守成规，避免了由于一味遵从经验而可能造成的无效追逐，这也就是我们常说的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">因以往的成功经验而导致的失败</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">。智者如蜜蜂往往正是因经验而陷入死地。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> 企业生存的环境可能突然从正常状态变得不可预期、不可想象、不可理解，企业中的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">蜜蜂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">"</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">们随时会撞上无法理喻的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">玻璃之墙</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">。领导者的工作就是赋予这种变化以合理性，并找出带领企业走出危机的办法。组织（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">organize</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">）的本意是稳定自身的直接环境，从混乱中理出秩序；但在一个经常变化的世界里，混乱的行动也比有序的停滞好得多</SPAN> 如何改变自己一乘不变的规则呢？ <SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">中国企业正是在变革的阵痛中间，在过去和现在的变革中间。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">未来的企业唯一竞争的优势是其管理者比其他竞争对手学习得更快。我们是把内部变化的速度和学习联系起来的，如果我们学习的速度大于变化的速度，就能保障我们企业内部的变化速度大于外部的变化速度。</SPAN></SPAN> 不错http://www.lampsky.net <P>不认同，如果大家都象苍蝇那样乱碰乱撞那要撞到什么时候企业才会有出路？不墨守成规是对的，但盲目试验对企业来说一样不足取，你有多少资金多少人力多少时间来折腾？企业的领导者不能学蜜蜂也不能学苍蝇，要学习透过现象看本质的X光机。</P> <P>“我从大企业中所认识到的最重要的事情，就是当每人都遵循规则时，创造力便会窒息。”</P><P>我觉得卡尔·韦克是说不要墨守成规，并非是鼓励不遵循规则。6楼见解精辟。</P> 对于这些蜜蜂来说，他们的经权之道应该是：经－－生存下去；权：不断根据环境变化生存手段，不断更正短期遵循的规则。蜜蜂把在过去一向行得通的方式、权变当作永存不变的经来遵循，遇到环境大变化自然要灭亡了。关于经权之道，敬请各位家人参阅曾仕强先生的“中国式管理”当更明了。 <P>天,越看越觉得马克思好聪明</P> <P>两个问题：1 你会遇到类似的情况，但没有超级力量可以致你于“苍蝇和蜜蜂”的境地</P><P> 2 印弟安人在经验不能起作用时，向魔法求助，不也是固化成经验了吗？</P><P>对于结论我表示赞同：要创新</P>
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