[原创]如何做流程管理和IT规划-周太平！
(PEG佩格咨询研究院周太平供稿)IT规划即信息化建设规划，是指在企业发展战略目标的指导下，结合企业管理需求、业务流程和信息化基础，对信息化目标和内容进行整体规划，全面系统地指导企业信息化建设。 普遍反映IT规划难于制定，即使花费很多心血和精力制定出来，也往往难以实施。总结起来，IT规划的制定有以下五个难点: <br/><br/>一、信息化技术迅速更新。 <br/>信息化技术发展迅速，更新换代频繁，新功能的实现速度远远超过可规划的范围，两年前的信息技术就已经非常落后，两年前的IT规划自然也就无法满足企业信息化需求。 <br/><br/>二、市场与需求不断变化。 <br/>变化迅速不仅是信息技术，企业所面对的市场和客户需求也在日益变化，由此造成的业务流程和经营管理变化，使得企业信息化建设不能墨守陈规。 <br/><br/>三、实施时间长，并行难度大。 <br/>企业信息化建设的实施时间一般较长，这使得IT规划的周期难以确定。 <br/><br/>四、企业缺少专业人才。 <br/>IT规划是通过企业的组织调整、流程优化甚至是绩效体系的改变来促进企业战略实现，这就需要规划者对企业管理、业务流程、信息化建设等方面有系统的理解和把握。可以想象，能够同时掌握信息化技术和业务流程的人才已经非常难得，如再具备企业的管理能力，并亲自制定IT规划的可能性也是微乎其微。 <br/><br/>五、难与战略保持一致。 <br/>信息化不仅是技术变革，也是管理变革，企业无论采用怎样的技术与管理手段，其最终目的都是为了实现企业战略。目前，我国绝大多数企业没有明确清晰的战略，即使有，也是模糊地存在于最高管理者的脑海中，IT规划的制定者要想运用企业战略指导信息化建设，无疑存在一定困难。那么如何才能克服以上的难点呢?本人认为，在实施中应注意以下七个关键点: <br/><br/>一、与企业战略相符。 <br/>没有明确清晰的战略，IT规划就无从谈起，也就没有存在的价值和必要性。在整个信息化规划的过程中，其实信息技术方面的规划并不是最难的，难的是战略评估和管理诊断，做好这两步，IT规划才能做到对症下药，有的放矢。 <br/><br/> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">二、各部门的共同支持参与。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">企业信息化建设绝对不单纯是企业</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">部门的事，它要求企业所有相关部门参与目标制定规划建设和实施，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">部门是信息化建设的推动者，而信息化的主人是企业所有的部门和每一位员工。充分了解各部门的需求之后再做出</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">规划，才可以避免单一部门做无用功。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">三、形成管理闭环。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">不仅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">规划难以制定，企业中任何领域的规划都是一个复杂的项目，都应该是一个闭环的管理过程，即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">制订规划</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">进行实施</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">总结反馈</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">——</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">修改规划</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">，如此不断前行。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">规划作为企业发展的重要方向之一，应当是一个中长期的规划，在时间上的跨度可以是三至五年，但是每年都应当根据周围新的环境，企业新的发展以及技术新的趋势等因素进行补充和调整，形成滚动计划，长期规划与每年规划一次并不是矛盾的对立面。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">四、不断完善</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">管理体制。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">企业信息化规划不但要有硬件、网络、技术的规划，同样重要的是对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">管理机制的发展规划。例如，信息安全制度的建立、信息沟通体系的完善等。信息化发展中经常要对各种</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">项目进行分析，确定这些项目的优先顺序，分配有限的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">资源。作为这种分配的基础，企业必须能够建立起一套成熟的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">管理机制。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">五、选择最匹配而非最先进的技术。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">信息化建设与企业发展相匹配是最好的选择，不能期望信息化的建设能拔高企业的成长，盲目追求最先进的技术，信息技术不可能起到雪中送炭的作用，它的作用更多的是锦上添花。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">2003</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">年《哈佛商业评论》的一篇文章《当</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">IT</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">的战略优势已成往事》曾经引起了广泛的关注。这篇文章认为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">随着信息技术大众化的趋势的继续，铺张浪费所带来的惩罚只会加重。要想以信息技术投资来获得竞争优势越来越难，而招致成本劣势倒是容易得多。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">六、从核心基础项目着手。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">对于信息化项目需求的轻重缓急应当具有明确的规划，先实施企业最需要的基础核心项目，并以此为基础量体裁衣，衍生其它项目的建设，保证数据的整体统一，也可以保证预算的准确性。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">七、借助外部咨询公司的力量。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Trebuchet MS'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> <br style="mso-special-character: line-break"/><br style="mso-special-character: line-break"/></span> <p>理论很强呀</p>
页:
[1]