sarria 发表于 2007-11-19 17:20:03

PM也疯狂——从“晚餐”谈项目管理

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-outline-level: 1" align=center><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">PM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">也疯狂</SPAN></SPAN></STRONG></P>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-outline-level: 1" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’"><STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">——从“晚餐”谈项目管理</SPAN></STRONG></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">作者:商蓉蓉</SPAN></P>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">2006-11-22</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’"></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">如今的项目管理体系层出不穷,真正的百花齐放,百家争鸣。各种名目繁多的培训课程和认证证书也如雨后春笋,大有欣欣向荣之势。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">笔者作为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">IT</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">行业的普通一员,从入行到现在也经有</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">个年头,各种项目管理的培训也参加过几轮,项目管理的书籍也看过几本,大大小小的项目也管理了几个,甚至有幸亲身参与了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">CMMI Level2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">的评估全过程。项目管理之于我,已经不再是高深莫测的理论和闪闪发光的证书,已然成为了工作中不可缺少的基本元素,并且渗透到了每天的生活当中,成为了再平凡不过的生活元素。甚至,连做饭、逛街这样的日常行为当中也会时时闪现项目管理的影子。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><O:P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">&nbsp;</SPAN></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">不相信么?没关系,请大家仔细回想一下我们每天做饭的流程,活脱脱一个项目管理的标准流程嘛。首先,按照项目的定义:“项目是为完成某一独特的产品、服务或任务所做的一次性努力”,我们通常做一顿晚饭的过程具有独特性、一次性和不可重复性的特点</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">, </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">是一个典型的项目。其次,做饭过程中的每个步骤,都在不知不觉的体现着项目管理的思想和精髓。下面我们就以“晚餐项目”为例,看看貌似深奥的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">PM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">理论是如何在日常生活中最普通的一件事情中大显身手的。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-tab-count: 1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">因为项目管理的理论分成许多体系,我们就分别以主流的三种理论来进行分析。首先,我们来看看这个“晚餐项目”放到不同的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">PM</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">理论模型中是怎样的。</SPAN></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 42.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">l</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">按照软件生命周期理论,“晚餐项目”可以将其分为这样几个项目阶段:</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">1. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">立项:决定今晚在家吃饭,做出大致的时间安排</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">2. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">需求调研:问问家人都想吃什么菜</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">3. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">需求分析:综合考虑一下季节、天气、控制体重等因素,确定菜式</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">4. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">系统设计:设计出每道菜的主料、配料</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">5. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">开发:外出采购,然后开始做菜</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">6. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">系统测试:尝一下菜的味道</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">7. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">部署:摆桌吃饭</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">8. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">项目收尾:收拾碗碟</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">&nbsp;</SPAN></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 42.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">l</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">按照</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">CMMI</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">Level 2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">)的理论体系,“晚餐项目”可以分为这样几个过程域:</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: "><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">PP</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(项目计划):计划晚餐的菜谱,需要采购哪些原料,做出大致的时间安排</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: "><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">PMC</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(项目跟踪及监控):每完成一项工作,检查一下是否超出原定的时间计划,如果超出了则做出必要的调整</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: "><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">RM</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(需求管理):对家人对菜式的要求进行管理,确保每个要求都被管理,或者被满足、或者被取消、或者被变更</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: "><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">CM</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(配置管理):对晚餐准备过程中的每件制成品、半成品和其它副产品进行管理;</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: "><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">MA</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(度量及分析):对原材料、工作时间、工作产品等指标进行预算、跟踪、度量和分析;</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: "><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">PPQA</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(过程和产品质量保证)——定期对晚餐的准备过程进行评审,保证按照原有的计划进度进行,并保证每个步骤产生的结果符合质量要求;</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: "><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">SAM</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">(供应商管理)——如果准备过程中将部分工作外包,比如网上订购部分原材料等,我们就需要对服务提供商提供的服务和最后提交的产品进行监督和管理。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">&nbsp;</SPAN></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 42.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">l</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">按照</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">PMP</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">的项目管理体系,“晚餐项目”将被划分为以下</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: ">9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">个知识领域:</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">范围管理:确定菜谱</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">2.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">质量管理:保证原料新鲜,菜的味道符合家人要求</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">3.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">采购管理:如果从网上订购了红酒或其它原料,我们就需要对送货的时间和交付的货品进行管理</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">4.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">时间管理:在整个晚餐项目过程中,确保按照计划的进度完成</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">5.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">人力资源管理:如果准备晚餐的不只你一个人,要对每个人的任务和分工进行管理</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">6.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">风险管理:注意识别和监控晚餐准备过程中可能出现的各种意外情况,并拟定应对预案</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">成本管理:保证这顿晚餐不要超支</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">8.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">沟通管理:在晚餐准备的过程中,要向各位干系人(比如家人)及时通报进展情况,如果干系人的需求发生变化,也要及时沟通</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 39.0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: ’’"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-list: Ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">9.</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-VARIANT: normal" times="" new="">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">整体管理:作为晚餐准备的负责人,要对以上各个方面的工作进行监督和控制</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">&nbsp;</SPAN></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">如此看来,我们的“晚餐项目”是完全可以当作一个项目来进行管理的,接下来就是选择一个适合的项目管理方法,对项目进行计划、控制和度量了。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">虽然我们平时的晚饭没有必要搞得那么复杂,但是,如果你要举办一次稍大的聚餐,或者你是一名饭店的总厨,那么,你完全可以根据具体情况,选择一种适当的项目管理方法来准备一次聚餐或者宴会,相信一定可以事半功倍很多——比方说,如果准备一次高规格的晚宴,对各方面要求都很高,那么我们可以采用“瀑布模型法”,按部就班的进行,同时加强质量保证方面的力度,以确保达到预期的质量标准,避免因质量问题影响进度和饭店的声誉。但是,如果是准备一次小型的聚餐会,准备的时间又很紧,那么我们就可以选择“快速开发法”,把那些可以并行的环节同时展开,在保证大多数人满意的前提下可以放松一些质量标准,这样可以最大程度的节约时间,保证聚餐开始的时候来宾不必饿肚子。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">可见,项目管理思想完全可以褪去其浮华的外衣,在更多领域发挥它的作用,甚至应用到日常生活中最普通的生活场景中去。作为项目管理人员,在正确使用项目管理方法进行软件开发之外,我们当然也可以利用项目管理的理论和方法,来小小的提升一下日常生活的“项目”管理水平啦。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ">&nbsp;</SPAN></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ’’; mso-hansi-font-family: ’’">笔者注:关于项目的计划、控制和度量,可以参考<A href="http://www.vsharing.com/BBS/BbsShowArticle.aspx?bid=1210&amp;aid=432201" target=_blank>《计划、控制、度量——洗尽铅华的项目管理真谛》</A>一文。</SPAN></P>

swordliang 发表于 2007-11-20 14:31:04

<p>这个题目我转发过,没有标注作者大名,在此表示歉意。</p><p>各位家人以前对此文发表过不同意见的刚好可以跟楼主(即作者)探讨一下</p>

资源 发表于 2007-11-23 15:15:10

<p>累</p>

tjbab 发表于 2009-4-17 20:16:28

<p>阳春白雪,太高了</p>

heima1106 发表于 2009-6-9 13:31:49

<p>顶一下,确实是经典。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>

dt1344 发表于 2009-6-19 23:09:31

<p>其实,个人以为 “晚餐”的项目管理涉及到一个基本概念:</p>
<p>“晚餐”到底是项目还是产品?</p>
<p>一个有主题的聚会可以说是项目,但家庭的普通晚餐个人以为归在生产管理里面比较好~</p>
<p>如果非要归在项目里面,对于“晚餐”的一个长期实行的品质、流程的规划定义改进可以作为一个项目(类似于企业管理项目)。</p>
<p>另,如果不是正式的晚宴,朋友间的聚会也可以试试敏捷开发的流程啦~:)</p>

jan872 发表于 2009-6-21 18:22:29

<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>要做的事情都可称其为项目,差异在于大或小, 项目管理也好&nbsp;&nbsp; 或者其他管理也罢,重点在于凝聚其中的思想。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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