五个为什么
<br/><br/><p align="left"><span>五个为什么的原则是凡事五思而行<span lang="EN-US">,</span>多问几个为什么<span lang="EN-US">,</span>找到问题的根源<span lang="EN-US">.</span>因为一个问题的发生或许有很多的影响因素<span lang="EN-US">.</span>在一个公司里<span lang="EN-US">,</span>通常发生问题时是由一个项目 小组来进行处理<span lang="EN-US">,</span>他们都熟悉问题所在<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不需要特别的技术<span lang="EN-US">.The<br/>5 why's typically refers to the practice of asking, five times, why the failure<br/>has occurred in order to get to the root cause/causes of the problem. There can<br/>be more than one cause to a problem as well. In an organizational context,<br/>generally root cause analysis is carried out by a team of persons related to<br/>the problem. No special technique is required.<br/><br/></span>例子<span lang="EN-US">,</span>你在路上需要停车<span lang="EN-US">.An example is in<br/>order:<br/><br/>You are on your way home from <span>work</span><br/>and your car stops:<p></p></span></span></p><p align="left"><span lang="EN-US">·</span><span lang="EN-US"><span> <br/></span></span><span>为什么要停车<span lang="EN-US">?</span>因为没油了<span lang="EN-US">.Why<br/>did your car stop? Because it ran out of gas.<p></p></span></span></p><p align="left"><span lang="EN-US">·</span><span lang="EN-US"><span> <br/></span></span><span>为什么没油了<span lang="EN-US">?</span>因为在路上没有加油<span lang="EN-US">.Why did it run out of gas? Because I didn't buy any gas on my way<br/>to work.<p></p></span></span></p><p align="left"><span lang="EN-US">·</span><span lang="EN-US"><span> <br/></span></span><span>为什么今天早晨没有加油<span lang="EN-US">?</span>因为没钱了<span lang="EN-US">.Why didn't you buy any gas this morning? Because I didn't have any<br/>money.<p></p></span></span></p><span lang="EN-US">·</span><span lang="EN-US"><span> </span></span><span>为什么没钱了<span lang="EN-US">?</span>因为昨晚打牌都输光了<span lang="EN-US">.Why didn't you have any money? Because I lost it all last night in<br/>a poker game.<br/><br/></span>这 个例子好象挺傻<span lang="EN-US">.</span>它主要是说明在发生问题的时候<span lang="EN-US">,</span>需要深入地发掘背后的原因<span lang="EN-US">.</span>如果没有学会对问题根本原因的分析<span lang="EN-US">,</span>你会只处理表面现象<span lang="EN-US">,</span>治标不治理<span lang="EN-US">,</span>没多久 问题还会回来<span lang="EN-US">.</span>你会不断犯同样的错误<span lang="EN-US">.I hope you don't mind the silly example but it should illustrate<br/>the importance of digging down beneath the most proximate cause of the problem.<br/>Failure to determine the root cause assures that you will be treating the<br/>symptoms of the problem instead of its cause, in which case, the disease will<br/>return, that is, you will continue to have the same problems over and over<br/>again.<br/><br/></span>这个方法并不是说问几个为什么有多重要<span lang="EN-US">,</span>关键 是发现问题的根源<span lang="EN-US">.</span>你可能只问一个问题<span lang="EN-US">,</span>为什么昨晚打牌输光了<span lang="EN-US">?Also note that the actual<br/>numbers of why's is not important as long as you get to the root cause. One<br/>might well ask why did you lose all your money in the poker game last night?<br/><br/><br/>_____<br/></span>另 外一个例子<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是学习这个方法时的一个例子<span lang="EN-US">.Here's<br/>another example. I learned the example using the <place wst="on"><placename wst="on">Washington</placename><placetype wst="on">Monument</placetype></place><br/>used when demonstrating the use of the 5 Whys.<br/><br/></span>华盛顿纪念碑正面临倒塌的危险<span lang="EN-US">.The Washington Monument was<br/>disintegrating<br/></span>为什么<span lang="EN-US">?</span>因为使用强烈的化学物质<span lang="EN-US">.Why? Use of<br/>harsh chemicals<br/></span>为什么<span lang="EN-US">?</span>清洁鸽子窝<span lang="EN-US">.Why? To clean pigeon<br/>poop<br/></span>为什么那末多鸽子<span lang="EN-US">?</span>他们吃蜘蛛<span lang="EN-US">,</span>纪念碑上有太多蜘蛛<span lang="EN-US">.Why so many pigeons? They eat spiders and there are a lot of<br/>spiders at monument<br/></span>为什么纪念碑上有那末多蜘蛛<span lang="EN-US">?</span>他们吃昆虫<span lang="EN-US">,</span>纪念碑上昆虫很多<span lang="EN-US">.Why so many spiders? They eat gnats and lots of gnats at monument<br/></span>为什么有那末多昆虫<span lang="EN-US">?</span>他们被黄昏的光线吸引<span lang="EN-US">.Why so<br/>many gnats? They are attracted to the light at dusk.<br/></span>解决方案<span lang="EN-US">:</span>把开灯的时间推迟<span lang="EN-US">.Solution: Turn on<br/>the lights at a later time.</span></span> 5why是起源于丰田LP的一种质量管理思想,和美国的企业偏重于数量收集和整理不同,丰田认为root cause只有根治于现场现物才能最终确定,而通过问5why可以归根结底的找到这个问题的深层次的根本原因(技术?管理?亦或其它),并最终找出对策,防止这类问题的再次发生. 个人认为这5why带有明显东方思维的方式，提什么问题要看个人的经验和悟性<br/>不同的人用同样的方法在提出5why后可能得到不同的结果<br/>即使同一个人在不同的时间也可能得到不同的结果。<br/> 主要问题的关键如果看不到，某个环节错误了，那不就是差之毫厘，缪以千里啊。
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-3-10 14:12:31编辑过] <p>所以不要只问问题而不带脑子</p> 提出问题，并解决问题 <p>呵呵 我觉得还是问问好</p> <p>问的越深入，理解得越深刻，才能更好的解决问题</p> <p>有道理。深入。不怕多问为什么。</p> <p>揪根问底 问的好啊.</p>
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