net2
发表于 2007-2-8 14:13:44
[原创]《思维导图》《六顶思考帽》《金字塔原理》的思想要点
<p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";"> 首先需要说明的是，这里的要点概述，价值仅仅在于描述出每一种方法的根本思想，是思想而不是方法。这是全书最有价值的部分，但并不是说其它的内容即实践方法就没有价值了。如果真的想运用，还是有必要再回到原著的。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">¬<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">思维导图<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo4;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">其他思想要从中心思想向四周发散<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>，<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo4;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">并且可在空白处自由添加<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo4;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">要对每个思想概括出一个关键词<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（重要）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo4;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">分支与主干的连接线要自然弯曲，因为思想不是死板的<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（次要）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -14.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l4 level3 lfo4;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">要充分利用色彩和图形的形象表达，刺激大脑产生更多新想法<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（次要）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">¬<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">六顶思考帽<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">思考是分为白色的信息、红色的情感、黑色的风险、黄色的优势、绿色的创新和蓝色的控制这六种角度的，彼此间没有优劣，各个层面的思考都有用处<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 63pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">（应该）鼓励人们进行多方面思考而不是满足于以往的偏好。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 63pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">（应该）提供发泄平台，避免潜意识里混淆。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">一个人在一个时间段只能进行一种思考<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">个人的思考结果总是片面且有待发展的，应该培育不健全的思考，把它发展为健全的思想<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">应当在几个类型的思考基础上进行超然的规划和安排<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（重要）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">¬<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">金字塔原理<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">应当对同一级思想进行分组和排序，要确保一组思想是属于同一级别<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -11.05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"><br/> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">把下一级的一类思想概括为上一级的一个思想，然后再对这一级思想进行分组排序，以此类推<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">确保每一级的各思想“相互独立<span lang="EN-US">/</span>完全穷尽”<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（核心）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">确保同一级思想间存在演绎和归纳之一的关系。因为除此之外没有别的关系，但不能两种关系杂糅<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（重要）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 42.55pt; TEXT-INDENT: -11.05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"><br/> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">每一个层次的关键句必须揭发实质思想，不能出现“几种方法”这样的笼统划分<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（重要）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">每一组思想不能出过七个，以四到五个为宜，这是由于人的短期记忆限度<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（次要）</i></b>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7)<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">应当使用情景<span lang="EN-US">/</span>冲突<span lang="EN-US">/</span>问题的讲故事方法，以吸引读者注意力<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">（次要）</i></b>。</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";"></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 52.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "微软雅黑","sans-serif";">我想保证尽量简洁，但还是请大家指正有没有漏掉重要的地方。</span></p><p></p><p><img src="attachments/dvbbs/2008-8/20088289305534293.jpg" border="0" onclick="zoom(this)" onload="if(this.width>document.body.clientWidth*0.5) {this.resized=true;this.width=document.body.clientWidth*0.5;this.style.cursor='pointer';} else {this.onclick=null}" alt="" /></p>
gzfrank
发表于 2007-2-9 11:25:18
<p>谢谢LZ的精彩的总结与分享，能有更多的体会分享分更好！！</p>
bchange
发表于 2007-2-11 16:20:36
<p>归纳的非常好，谢谢</p>
cwang63
发表于 2007-2-12 14:41:37
谢谢楼主！
waj810818
发表于 2007-2-13 12:42:36
<p>谢谢楼主！！！辛苦，辛苦！</p>
Retriever
发表于 2007-2-13 13:53:20
<p>归纳的很有道理的说~</p><p>努力改变自己。</p>
tiangb
发表于 2007-2-15 14:56:15
浓缩的必然是精品，看了归纳总结，熟记于心，比较好懂好记忆，谢谢！
太圆
发表于 2007-2-18 20:17:15
<p>之前就在思考思维导图是不是万金油，思维导图只是作为一个思维工具来用而已，应该不是人类思维的全部，那么就应该还有其他的思维来填补思维导图的空白。</p><p>现在<strong><font face="Verdana" color="#61b713">net2</font></strong>兄提出这个三个思维工具，看来，这个三剑客结合起来应所向无敌的了。</p>
默海
发表于 2007-2-21 16:57:38
我已阅读过"金子塔原理"您归纳的很正确
dhmlr
发表于 2007-2-25 19:43:35
多谢楼主 ：）