lubo08 发表于 2007-1-9 13:11:32

FMEA/SPC/PPAP的简单解释

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><br/><span class="tpccontent1">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span></span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">汤姆是一位汽车工程师,一个上小学二年级</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">8</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">岁男孩的父亲他们的家庭生活会有什么不同吗?</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"> &nbsp; &nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><br/><span class="tpccontent1">&nbsp;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span></span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">其实汤姆和其他父亲也没什么区别,当然每个父亲都关心自己的孩子,尤其关心孩子的身体健康和安全,这不,父亲正为孩子上学路上可能发生的情况苦思苦想呢。汤姆想到了孩子上学路上可能会贪玩,因而上学迟到,被老师处罚,因而耽误学习(汤姆认为发生的可能性较大,他选择发生度</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">O=5</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">或</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">6</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">);也想到了路上有一个马路需要孩子横穿过去,发生交通事故的可能性也有,当然不是很大(汤姆认为发生度</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">O=3</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">或</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">4</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)。当然还有其他可能发生的事情,但发生的可能性都非常小(汤姆认为发生度</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">O=1</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">或</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">2</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">),所以不再考虑。接着汤姆分析,上学迟到是一件风险不是很大的事情,仅仅影响学习而已,他将风险系数确定为</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">S=4</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">或</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">5</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,而发生交通事故的确是个大问题,父亲将风险系数确定为</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">S=9</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">或</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">10</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">。接下来汤姆开始寻找对策,如何不让上述情况发生或一旦发生后损失最小,当然最好的办法是父亲每天送孩子上学,可是汤姆因为工作原因做不到这样,最后汤姆想出了办法,他每天写一个纸条让孩子交给老师签字,这样汤姆就可以监控孩子每天是否按时到学校(汤姆认为探测度非常高,确定</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">D=3</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">或</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">4</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">);汤姆为孩子选择了一条可以不横穿马路的上学路径,从而使发生的可能性降的很低(汤姆确定新的发生度为</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">O=1</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">)。孩子不解地问父亲为什么这样做?汤姆神秘地告诉孩子他的这种方法是汽车行业非常流行的潜在失效模式及后果分析(英文简称</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">FMEA</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">),孩子不以为然,但还是按照父亲的办法执行了。</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"> &nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><br/><span class="tpccontent1">&nbsp; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">汤姆还关心的是孩子的学习成绩,因为没有时间照顾孩子,便为孩子每次考试成绩做了曲线图(汤姆告诉孩子这叫</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">X-R</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">控制图,是统计过程控制</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">SPC</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">的一种),孩子不明白,问父亲这图有什么用,汤姆告诉孩子可以用来监控学习成绩的变化,以便及早做出预防,比如:有超出控制限的点或连续几点上升或下降,都需要作出分析,找原因。孩子笑了,问父亲:</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">"</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">如果连着上升不就说明成绩变好了吗,还分析什么</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">"</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">?汤姆严肃地告诉孩子,即使连续上升也要分析,分析的目的是找出变好的原因,以便形成标准并加以巩固,孩子似懂非懂地点点头。</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">
                        </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><br/><span class="tpccontent1">&nbsp; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">孩子的课外活动也是汤姆所关心的,有一次学校让每个孩子做</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">5</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">个手工制品参加竞赛,学校给了制作标准,要求周五上交。孩子做好了一个,并要继续做下去,却被汤姆制止了,他告诉孩子先别急着继续做,明天先拿这个给老师检查一下,合格后再继续做后面的</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">4</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">个,孩子笑话父亲太小心谨慎了,父亲同样严肃地告诉孩子,这叫做产品和过程批准(英文简称</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">PPAP</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">),小心使得万年船。孩子按父亲的教导去做了,果然孩子的作品获得了成功,而同班的却有几名同学因作品不合格被取消了参赛资格,这次孩子终于开始佩服父亲了。</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;"><br/><span class="tpccontent1">&nbsp; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">期末到了,小汤姆因为在各方面的出色表现被老师表扬,当老师和同学要求小汤姆说一说成功的经验时,小汤姆本想把父亲教他的什么</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">FMEA</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">SPC</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">,</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">PPAP</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">好好宣传一番,可由于兴奋,竟然一点也想不起来,最后只好说:</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">"</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana;">因为我爸是个汽车工程师。</span></span><span class="tpccontent1"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana;">"</span></span></p>

cycy 发表于 2007-1-9 14:41:20

呵呵,真是学到家了啊。。

lmy520a 发表于 2007-1-9 15:49:48

牛啊

87595730c 发表于 2007-1-9 16:29:04

.....................interesting

山野毛虫 发表于 2007-1-9 18:30:07

可以更细一些,比如把PM的一些手法如箭头图加进去: 几点出发,过马路的时间几点,按时间及情形判断风险性可以不同,呵呵.

teffy-gyf 发表于 2007-2-23 13:10:05

<p>形象生动阿,佩服。</p>

josephxiu 发表于 2007-2-25 15:55:25

通俗易懂,谢谢!

chenaiping 发表于 2007-4-17 15:25:51

<p>太好了,将理论化为形象理解,有着一量拔千金的感觉!</p><p>期待着你更好的作品:)</p>

上海耀谷 发表于 2007-12-9 20:32:36

<p>让我联想起以前看到的关于税收的一段话:<font color="#ee005f">不要偷税漏税但要学会合理避税大头小尾的发票最好别开,,营业税以及附加的教育基金等你该交多少交多少,增值税你更别动脑子(记得找上家要税票正常抵扣就可以了),除此以外关税你掂量掂量自己的分量,具体情况具体对待,企业所得税是可以全部避掉一分钱都不交的,但最好给地税点面子,少交点别一分钱都不交,交多交少你自己看着办,而个人所得税呢,视当地政府给纳税人办了多少实事是否把咱纳税人真当纳税人人看待的具体情况而造工资表吧。</font></p><p><font color="#ee005f"><u><font style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #57b11b;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><br/></u></font></p><p><font color="#ee005f"></font></p><p><strong><font color="#ff0000">****</font></strong>上海耀谷管理咨询有限公司竭诚为您服务,我司是美国<font color="#ff0066"><strong>IPC认证会员公司</strong></font>,公司奉行“品质至上、持续改善、客户满意”的服务政策。</p><p><font color="#f70909"><strong>****</strong></font>我司<strong><font color="#0938f7">常年开设IPC-A-600 , IPC-7711/21 , IPC-A-610D, IPC-A-600, IPC-A-620, CIS 认证专业人员的培训课程,还有测量系统分析(MSA),统计过程控制(SPC)及电子产品失效分析的相关课程。欢迎大家前来咨询,及索要相关标准价格。</font></strong>我们亦可根据企业培训的总体目标制定相应的培训计划为企业提供厂内培训。我司2008年课程项目清单可点击此处链接<a href="http://www.yaogu.org/tupian.html">http://www.yaogu.org/tupian.html</a><br/><strong><font color="#ff1111"></font></strong></p><p><strong><font color="#ff1111">****</font></strong>我们相信<font color="#13a94e"><strong>质量是生命,客户是上帝</strong></font>,我们不断在努力地以优质的服务和合理的价格,为您提供电路板,生产制造等质量服务及跟踪的全方位服务,欢迎来电洽谈。<br/><font color="#dd2c00"><strong></strong></font></p><p><font color="#dd2c00"><strong>****</strong></font>目前我们的客户有<strong><font color="#931bb1">benq,siemens,henkel</font></strong>等,更多客户可参阅<a href="http://www.yaogu.org/">www.yaogu.org</a>,开展至今我们的服务一直广受客户的好评,期待为您服务,选择我们将是您永远都不会后悔的选择!</p><p><strong><font color="#ff1111">****</font></strong>联系方式<a href="mailto:Lona@yaogu.org">Lona@yaogu.org</a>&nbsp; 021-58550119<br/></p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-12-9 20:38:40编辑过]

czong1972 发表于 2007-12-11 19:43:31

<p>经典啊!</p><p></p>
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