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[分享]各种名词的英文表达法

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发表于 2007-12-22 17:04:17 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
            2楼——三十六计的英文表达法

            3楼——中国农历二十四节气的英文表达法

            4楼——十二星座的英文表达法的英文表达法

            5楼——中国传统小吃的英文表达法

            6楼——奥斯卡大奖的英文表达法

            8楼——中国独特概念词的英文表达法

            9楼——十二生肖的英文表达

            10楼——常见的“公共标志和说明”的英文表达法

            11楼——蓝球术语的英文表达法

            12楼——网络中的广告术语的英文表达法

            13楼——外贸英语专有名词的英文表达法

            14楼——海啸词汇的英文表达法

           15楼——田径类词汇的英文表达法

另附: 7楼——八荣八耻的英文表达法
[此贴子已经被作者于2007-12-22 17:11:42编辑过]
沙发
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:05:04 | 只看该作者
三十六计(Thirty-Six Stratagems)

1.瞒天过海crossing the sea under camouflage

2.围魏救赵relieving the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei

3.借刀杀人killing someone with a borrowed knife  


4.以逸待劳waiting at one’s ease for the exhausted enemy

5.趁火打劫plundering a burning house

6.声东击西making a feint to the east and attacking in the west  


7.无中生有creating something out of nothing

8.暗渡陈仓advancing secretly by an unknown path

9.隔岸观火watching a fire from the other side of the river  


10.笑里藏刀covering the dagger with a smile

11.李代桃僵palming off substitute for the real thing

12.顺手牵羊picking up something in passing  


13.打草惊蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake

14.借尸还魂resurrecting a dead soul by borrowing a corpse

15.调虎离山luring the tiger out of his den


16.欲擒故纵letting the enemy off in order to catch him

17.抛砖引玉giving the enemy something to induce him to lose more valuable things

18.擒贼擒王capturing the ringleader first in order to capture all the followers


19.釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under the cauldron

20.混水摸鱼muddling the water to catch the fish; fishing in troubled waters

21.金蝉脱壳slipping away by casting off a cloak; getting away like the cicada sloughing its skin  


22.关门捉贼catching the thief by closing / blocking his escape route

23.远交近攻befriending the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy

24.假途伐虢attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor  


25.偷梁换柱stealing the beams and pillars and replacing them with rotten timbers

26.指桑骂槐reviling/ abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry

27.假痴不癫feigning madness without becoming insane  


28.上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof

29.树上开花putting artificial flowers on trees

30.反客为主turning from the guest into the host


31.美人计using seductive women to corrupt the enemy

32.空城计presenting a bold front to conceal unpreparedness

33.反间计sowing discord among the enemy  


34.苦肉计deceiving the enemy by torturing one’s own man

35.连环计coordinating one stratagem with another

36.走为上decamping being the best; running away as the best choice
板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:05:19 | 只看该作者
中国农历二十四节气
The 24 Solar Terms


  立春Spring begins.

  雨水The rains.

  惊蛰Insects awaken.  


  春分Vernal Equinox

  清明Clear and bright.

  谷雨Grain rain.  


  立夏Summer begins.

  小满Grain buds.

  芒种Grain in ear.  


  夏至Summer solstice.

  小暑Slight heat.

  大暑Great heat.  


  立秋Autumn begins.

  处暑Stopping the heat.

  白露White dews.  


  秋分Autumn Equinox.

  寒露Cold dews.

  霜降Hoar-frost falls.  


  立冬Winter begins.

  小雪Light snow.

  大雪Heavy snow.  


  冬至Winter Solstice.

  小寒Slight cold.

  大寒Great cold 
4
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:05:31 | 只看该作者
12星座

魔羯座 (12/22 - 1/19) Capricorn
水瓶座 (1/20 - 2/18) Aquarius
双鱼座 (2/19 - 3/20) Pisces


牡羊座 (3/21 - 4/20) Aries
金牛座 (4/21 - 5/20) Taurus
双子座 (5/21 - 6/21) Gemini


巨蟹座 (6/22 - 7/22) Cancer
狮子座 (7/23 - 8/22) Leo
处女座 (8/23 - 9/22) Virgo


天秤座 (9/23 - 10/22) Libra
天蝎座 (10/23 - 11/21) Scorpio
射手座 (11/22 - 12/21) Sagittarius
5
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:05:46 | 只看该作者
中国传统小吃

  中式早点

  烧饼Clay oven rolls

  油条Fried bread stick

  韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings


  水饺Boiled dumplings

  蒸饺Steamed dumplings

  馒头Steamed buns


  割包Steamed sandwich

  饭团Rice and vegetable roll

  蛋饼Egg cakes


  皮蛋100-year egg

  咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg

  豆浆Soybean milk


  饭类

  稀饭Rice porridge

  白饭Plain white rice

  油饭Glutinous oil rice


  糯米饭Glutinous rice

  卤肉饭Braised pork rice

  蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg

  地瓜粥Sweet potato congee


  面类

  馄饨面Wonton & noodles

  刀削面Sliced noodles

  麻辣面Spicy hot noodles


  麻酱面Sesame paste noodles

  鴨肉面Duck with noodles

  鱔魚面Eel noodles


  乌龙面Seafood noodles

  榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles

  牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles


  板条Flat noodles

  米粉Rice noodles

  炒米粉Fried rice noodles

  冬粉Green bean noodle


  汤类

  鱼丸汤Fish ball soup

  貢丸汤Meat ball soup

  蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup


  蛤蜊汤Clams soup

  牡蛎汤Oyster soup

  紫菜汤Seaweed soup


  酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup

  馄饨汤Wonton soup

  猪肠汤Pork intestine soup


  肉羹汤Pork thick soup

  鱿鱼汤Squid soup

  花枝羹Squid thick soup


  甜点

  爱玉Vegetarian gelatin

  糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks

  长寿桃Longevity Peaches


  芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls

  麻花Hemp flowers

  双胞胎Horse hooves


  冰类

  绵绵冰Mein mein ice

  麦角冰Oatmeal ice

  地瓜冰Sweet potato ice


  紅豆牛奶冰Red bean with milk ice

  八宝冰Eight treasures ice

  豆花Tofu pudding


  果汁

  甘蔗汁Sugar cane juice

  酸梅汁Plum juice

  杨桃汁Star fruit juice

  青草茶Herb juice


  点心

  牡蛎煎Oyster omelet

  臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)

  油豆腐Oily bean curd


  麻辣豆腐Spicy hot bean curd

  虾片Prawn cracker

  虾球Shrimp balls


  春卷Spring rolls

  蛋卷Chicken rolls

  碗糕Salty rice pudding


  筒仔米糕Rice tube pudding

  红豆糕Red bean cake

  绿豆糕Bean paste cake


  糯米糕Glutinous rice cakes

  萝卜糕Fried white radish patty

  芋头糕Taro cake

  肉圆Taiwanese Meatballs

  水晶饺Pyramid dumplings

  肉丸Rice-meat dumplings

  豆干Dried tofu


  其他

  当归鸭Angelica duck

  槟榔Betel nut

  火锅Hot pot
6
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:06:07 | 只看该作者
奥斯卡大奖

  Best Picture最佳影片

  Best Director最佳导演

  Best Actor最佳男主角


  Best Actress最佳女主角

  Best Supporting Actor最佳男配角

  Best Supporting Actress最佳女配角


  Best Animated Feature Film最佳动画长片

  Best Foreign Film最佳外语片

  Best Makeup最佳化妆奖


  Best Original Score最佳配乐奖

  Best Original Song最佳音乐

  Best Animated Short Film最佳动画短片


  Best Live Action Short Film最佳真人短片

  Best Sound Editing最佳音效剪辑

  Best Sound Mixing最佳音响效果


  Best Visual Effects最佳视觉效

  Best Writing(Adapted Screen play)最佳改编剧本

  Best Art Direction最佳艺术执导


  Best Cinematography最佳摄影

  Best Costume Design最佳服装设计

  Best Film Editing最佳剪辑


  Best Documentary最佳纪录片

  Best Documentary ShortSubject最佳纪录短片

  Honorary Academy Award终身成就奖
7
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:06:32 | 只看该作者
Socialist concept of honour and disgrace—Eight Dos and Don'ts
社会主义荣辱观——八荣八耻


Love; do not harm the motherland.
以热爱祖国为荣,以危害祖国为耻;


Serve; don't disserve the people.
以服务人民为荣,以背离人民为耻;


Uphold science; don't be ignorant and unenlightened.
以崇尚科学为荣,以愚味无知为耻;  


Work hard; don't be lazy and hate work.
以辛勤劳动为荣,以好逸恶劳为耻;


Be united and help each other; don't gain benefits at the expense of others.
以团结互助为荣,以损人利己为耻;


Be honest and trustworthy; don't chase profit at the expense of your values.
以诚实守信为荣,以见利忘义为耻;


Be disciplined and law-abiding; don't break laws and violate disciplines.
以遵纪守法为荣,以违法乱纪为耻;


Know plain living and hard struggle; do not wallow in luxuries and pleasures.
以艰苦奋斗为荣,以骄奢淫逸为耻
8
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:06:50 | 只看该作者
中国独特概念词

  1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses)

  八卦 trigram

  阴、阳 yin, yang

  道 Tao


  江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)

       道教 Daoism(Taoism)

  上火 excessive internal heat

  儒学 Confucianism

  红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology


  世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia

  开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)

  大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done

  伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded


  不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …

  合乎国情,顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people

  乱摊派,乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge

  铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post

  脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty

  治则兴,乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline


   2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)

  国庆节 National Day

  中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival

  春节 Spring Festival


  元宵节 Lantern Festival

  儿童节 Children’s Day

  端午节 Dragon Boat Festival


  妇女节 Women’s Day

  泼水节 Water-Splashing Day

  教师节 Teachers’ Day

  五四青年节 Youth Day


   3 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)

  中国 电信 China Telecom

  中国 移动 China Mobile

  十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan

  中国电脑联网 Chinanet


  三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project

  希望工程 Project Hope

  京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway


  扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project

  菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project

  温饱工程 Decent-Life Project


  安居工程 Economy Housing Project

  扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign

  西部大开发 Go-West Campaign


   4 、特有的一些汉语词汇

  禅宗 Zen Buddhism

  禅 dhyana; dhgaya

  混沌 chaos

  道 Daosim, the way and its power


  四谛 Four Noble Truth

  八正道 Eightfold Path

  无常 anity

  五行说 Theory of Five Elements


  无我 anatman

  坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation

  空 sunyata

  虚无 nothingness


  双喜 double happiness(中),a doubled stroke of luck(英)

  小品 witty skits

  相声 cross-talk


  噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt

  夜猫子 night people; night-owls

  本命年 this animal year of sb


  处世之道 philosophy of life

  姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)

  还愿 redeem a wish (vows)


   5 、具有文化特色的现代表述

  大陆中国 Mainland China

  红宝书 little red book

  红色中国 socialist China


  四化 Four Modernizations

  终生职业 job-for-life

  铁饭碗 iron rice bowl


  大锅饭 communal pot

  关系户 closely-related units

  外出打工人员 migrant workers

  关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild


  五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals

  四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment

   6 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)

  宣纸 rice paper

  衙门 yamen

  叩头 kowtow

  孔子Confucius


  牌楼 pailou;pai-loo

  武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)

  功夫 kungfu ;kung fu

  中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)


  中和 harmony (zhonghe)

  孝顺 to show filial obedience

  孝子 dutiful son

  家长 family head


  三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife

  五常:仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity

  八股文 eight-legged essays

  多子多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness

  养儿防老:raising sons to support one in one’s old age


   7、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译

  基层监督 grass-roots supervision

  基础税率 base tariff level

  婚介所 matrimonial agency


  婚外恋 extramarital love

  婚纱摄影 bride photo

  黑心棉 shoddy cotton


  机器阅卷 machine scoring

  即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery

  集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development


  价格听证会 public price hearings

  甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team

  家政服务 household management service


  加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

  假帐 accounting fraud

  叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel


  矫情 use lame arguments

  渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence

  借调 temporarily transfer


  扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.

  扩大内需,刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
9
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:07:10 | 只看该作者
十二生肖的英文表达

  Rat charm, 子鼠

  Ox patient, 丑牛

  Tiger sensitive, 寅虎


  Rabbit articulate, 卯兔

  Dragon healthy, 辰龙

  Snake deep, 巳蛇


  Horse popular, 午马

  Goat elegant, 未羊

  Monkey clever, 申猴


  Rooster deep thinkers, 酉鸡

  Dog loyalty, 戌狗

  Pig chivalrous. 亥猪
10
 楼主| 发表于 2007-12-22 17:08:43 | 只看该作者
常见的“公共标志和说明”英文表达

       1、Business Hours 营业时间

       2、Office Hours 办公时间

  3、Entrance 入口

  4、Exit 出口


  5、Push 推

  6、Pull 拉

  7、Shut 此路不通

  8、On 打开 ( 放)


  9、Off 关

  10、Open 营业

  11、Pause 暂停

  12、Stop 关闭


  13、Closed 下班

  14、Menu 菜单

  15、Fragile 易碎

  16、This Side Up 此面向上


  17、Introductions 说明

  18、One Street 单行道

  19、Keep Right/Left 靠左/右

  20、Buses Only 只准公共汽车通过


  21、Wet Paint 油漆未干

  22、Danger 危险

  23、Lost and Found 失物招领处

  24、Give Way 快车先行


  25、Safety First 安全第一

  26、Filling Station 加油站

  27、No Smoking 禁止吸烟

  28、No Photos 请勿拍照


  29、No Visitors 游人止步

  30、No Entry 禁止入内

  31、No Admittance 闲人免进

  32、No Honking 禁止鸣喇叭


  33、Parting 停车处

  34、Toll Free 免费通行

  35、F.F. 快进

  36、Rew. 倒带


  37、EMS (邮政)特快专递

  38、Insert Here 此处插入

  39、Open Here 此处开启

  40、Split Here 此处撕开


  41、Mechanical Help 车辆修理

  42、“AA”Film 十四岁以下禁看电影

  43、Do Not Pass 禁止超车

  44、No U Turn 禁止掉头


  45、U Turn Ok 可以U形转弯

  46、No Cycling in the School校内禁止骑车

  47、SOS 紧急求救信号

  48、Hands Wanted 招聘


  49、Staff Only 本处职工专用

  50、No Litter 勿乱扔杂物

  51、Hands Off 请勿用手摸

  52、Keep Silence 保持安静


  53、On Sale 削价出售

  54、No Bills 不准张贴

  55、Not for Sale 恕不出售

  56、Pub 酒店


  57、Cafe 咖啡馆、小餐馆

  58、Bar 酒巴

  59、Laundry 洗衣店

  60、Travel Agency 旅行社


  61、In Shade 置于阴凉处

  62、Keep in Dark Place 避光保存

  63、Poison 有毒/毒品

  64、Guard against Damp 防潮


  65、Beware of Pickpocket 谨防扒手

  66、Complaint Box 意见箱

  67、For Use Only in Case of Fire 灭火专用

  68、Bakery 面包店


  69、Keep Dry 保持干燥

  70、Information 问讯处

  71、No Passing 禁止通行

  72、No Angling 不准垂钓


  73、Shooting Prohibited 禁止打猎

  74、Seat by Number 对号入座

  75、Protect Public Propety 爱护公共财物

  76、Ticket Office(or :Booking Office)售票处


  77、Visitors Please Register 来宾登记

  78、Wipe Your Shoes And Boots请擦去鞋上的泥土

  79、Men“s/Gentlemen/Gents Room 男厕所

  80、Women“s/Ladies/Ladies“ Room女厕所


  81、Occupied (厕所)有人

  82、Vacant (厕所)无人

  83、Commit No Nuisance 禁止小便

  84、Net(Weight) 净重


  85、MAN:25032002 生产日期:2002年3月25日

  86、EXP:25032002 失效期:2002年3月25日

  87、Admission Free免费入场

  88、Bike Park(ing) 自行车存车处


  89、Children and Women First 妇女、儿童优先

  90、Save Food 节约粮食

  91、Save Energy 节约能源

  92、Handle with Care 小心轻放


  93、Dogs Not Allowed 禁止携犬入内

  94、Keep Away From Fire 切勿近火

  95、Reduced Speed Now 减速行驶

  96、Road Up. Detour 马路施工,请绕行


  97、Keep Top Side Up 请勿倒立

  98、Take Care Not to Leave Things Behind 当心不要丢失东西

  99、Please Return the Back After Use 用毕放回架上

  100、Luggage Depository 行李存放处  

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