haichong2d 发表于 2006-8-22 18:24:46

[转帖]小型企业改革之我见

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">随着市场竞争越来越激烈,小型企业在发展到一定阶段后,面临的风险也越来越大,所以对于企业自身的改革也是一种必然的选择。但如何改,确并非那么简单.小型企业有其自身的管理特点,所以要改革也需要针对这些特点去改.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">一、<span style="FONT: 7pt '';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">组织结构简单。小型企业的成员较少,部门设置相对较简单,部门所辖职能集中;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">二、<span style="FONT: 7pt '';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">老板权力过大。由于小型企业组织结构简单,换个角度来说就是管理层次的扁平,利于老板越级指挥下属,扰乱公司正常的管理秩序;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">三、<span style="FONT: 7pt '';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">制度不完善。制度是在企业的实际运作过程中逐步成形和完善的,而且由于小企业里任人唯亲的现象比较多,更导致制度制定的不完善。这个后果就是责任和利益的不明确;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">四、<span style="FONT: 7pt '';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">更急功近利。面对市场残酷的竞争环境,小型企业出于自身生存的需要,更强调结果而非过程,战略意识比较模糊;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 21.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">五、<span style="FONT: 7pt '';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">缺乏团队意识。由于以上因素,导致小型企业内部内耗较重,并易滋生个人英雄主义,这也埋下了未来企业山头林立的隐患。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">正是由于以上所述的原因,我们在分析小型企业改革时可能遇到的障碍也就有了大致的了解。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">一.由于改革不可避免的带来部门职能的调整,换句话就是部门或人员的权力重新分配,由于小企业更突出个人能力和任人唯亲的现象,所以改革在遭遇人员抵制和反对心理,会比大企业更为突出;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">二.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">由于组织结构简单,部门职权集中,其中的好处就是信息传达通畅,部门间的协作相对容易。但由于改革带来的部门调整和职权的重新分配,以及工作流程的改变,使得部门间的合作方式也将重新面临磨合,这也带来短期内工作效率降低的可能性;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">三.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">小企业改革,老板的决心很重要。由于前述的两个问题,在企业改革的阵痛期内,很可能会出现暂时的管理混乱和销售下滑。这时相当部分人会把原因归咎于改革本身,如果老板没有清醒的认识和果断的性格,很容易被这些反对的呼声所影响和左右,进而否定和终止改革;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">四.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">对改革的认识和理解不一致,这可能出现不同部门,不同个人在如何对待改革的事情上,在思想和行为上产生相互的对立,甚至对抗。这大大拖延了改革的时间,加大了改革的成本。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">所以,针对这些可能出现的状况,我们也就可以制定相应的对策。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">一.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">为什么改革,改革要达到的目标是什么,这个必须非常清楚。并拟定相关的改革方案,以及实施的步骤,尽可能降低改革所带来的负面效应;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">二.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">都说船小好掉头,这话不假,但这好掉头不等于快调头。企业规模小,改革带来的变动大于大型企业,所以改革更应强调循序渐进;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">三.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">改革实施前,必须公开改革的相关细节,增加透明度有助于降低员工的恐惧和抵触心理。并且由于改革前的充分沟通,可以统一大家对改革的认识和理解,并可从各方的反馈当中收集有意义的信息,对改革做出一些合适的计划调整;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">四.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">注意拉拢和安抚表现突出的员工,通过这些所谓明星员工来稳定企业多数员工的情绪;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">五.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">完善各项规章和管理制度,明确每个部门的责权利,以此减少个部门间的内耗;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">六.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">重视企业文化。企业文化其实并不那么玄乎,它实际上是企业的整体价值体系和员工的行为准则,对统一员工思想有莫大帮助,有助于提高企业凝聚力;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">七.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">树立企业发展战略目标。根据企业和市场的情况,在合理和可控的基础上提出企业战略目标,有助于改善小企业目光短浅的毛病,合理制定中短期的发展目标规划,企业也能更健康的运转;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">八.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">建立改革的评判标准,实时对改革的进度和成果进行评估,对改革可能出现的偏差和错误及时进行调整;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">九.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">重视人才选拔,逐步降低家族成员对企业的影响;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">十.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">作为企业老板,其对改革的决心是非常重要,必须清醒认识到改革会带来的一些暂时性的问题,坚定改革的信心。老板的信心和决心才是企业顺利改革的最重要保证。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">以上是我对小企业改革的一些看法,欢迎大家批评指正!</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica;"><p></p></span></p>

topman 发表于 2009-3-2 18:46:54

总结的不错,但是当我遇到实际问题时,情况就复杂很多了。不过谢谢了
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