sonick 发表于 2006-4-3 21:13:11

[原创]如何完成六西格玛项目关键点滴

<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">D</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">define</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，定义。是六西格玛项目的第一步。 </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">通常地，如果说到定义问题或者项目，我们重要谈到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">SMART</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">原则，千万不要认为这个原则大而无当，实际上能否很好的遵循这个原则是项目成否的关键，特别是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Specification-</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">定量的，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">measurable-</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">可测量的，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">achievable-</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">可实现的。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">定义阶段要完成的事分：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第一，定义一个问题或者项目，这个问题必须和实际业务相关，也就实现企业运作中和关键性指标相关联的重要问题，最最重要的是，要有可以量化的指标。 </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第二，任何一个问题不可能只涉及一个运营的指标，所以选择一个合适的指标，不仅是技巧性的事，也决定了项目能否顺利完成的一半。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">其实一个最好。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第三，定义不良，也就是造成问题的一些现象。因为解决问题是针对现象发现原因，提出对策。注意，这里可能会有很多现象，所以可能要运用到测量部分的方法来选出最主要的一个，最好不要超过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">个，所谓</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">2-8</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">原则，找准重点。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第四，测量系统是否存在。这就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">SMART</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">M</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">了，如果确定项目时注意了这个原则，那么现在，就简单多了。六西格玛有句时髦话：用数据说话。所以测量系统很重要。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第五，有没有所谓的基准。这里就涉及</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">SMART</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">里的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">S</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">了。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">同样，如果开始注意了，那么现在就轻松了。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第六，确定最好可能达成的结果。这里如果有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Benchmarking</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">，那最简单，要不然就从统计学上分析一个。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第七，确定改善空间。就是不花很多钱能改善的空间，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">如果要花很多钱，再议其必要性。这里就要风险评估了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第八，集思广益，找原因</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">—</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">头脑风暴，这里有什么鱼骨图可用，关键要做的漂亮，因为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">6</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">西格玛的就是：用图形说话。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">第九，排除次要因素，选出所谓的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">KPIV’s.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">（字数限制，发不全了，文章来自我的博客：<a href="http://lean.folo.cn/">http://lean.folo.cn/</a>&nbsp;）<p></p></span></p>

peso 发表于 2006-4-3 22:59:51

<p>学习一下！</p>

alex_1 发表于 2006-8-22 17:54:52

我建了1个6sigma GB&amp;BB群 感兴趣的朋友可以加入&nbsp; 28609521
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