[转帖]《丰田模式》(TheToyotaWay)-中文版
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体;">第一部分<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>丰田模式具有世界一流的效能<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p><font face=""> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">第一章</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">以卓越的操作流程为战略性武器</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p><font face=""> </font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">我们最重视的是确实执行与采取行动。我们所不了解的事情很多,因此,我们总是要求员工:何不采取行动,尝试不同的方法呢?当代诚实面对自己的失败时,才会了解自己所知甚少,你可以矫正那些失败,再做一次,在第二次的尝试中,你发现了另一个错误或你不满意的事,然后,你可以再尝试。于是,通过不断改进,或者应该说是靠不断尝试的行动以获得改进,就能提升实务与知识。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">——丰田汽车总裁张富士夫,<span lang="EN-US">2002</span>年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">丰田汽车公司最早引起世界注目的是在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><font face="">20</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">世纪</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><font face="">80</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">年代,当时情况明显显示,日本企业及其产品的品质和效率确有独到之处,日本制造的汽车比美国汽车耐用,需要的维修明显较少。到了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><font face="">20</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">世纪</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><font face="">90</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">年代,更明显的迹象显示,相较于其他日本汽车制造商,丰田汽车公司显然更特别、突出。这并非指它的汽车设计或性能令人赞叹(尽管这是事实,丰田车开起来流畅顺手,其设计也多半非常精致),而是丰田汽车的工程与制造模式实现了令人难以置信的流程与产品的一致性。丰田的汽车设计更快速,可靠性更高,同时,即使在日本汽车业劳动力工资水准相对较高的情况下,丰田仍然得以维修极具竞争力的汽车制造成本。令人印象深刻的另一点是,每当丰田出现明显弱点、似乎将不敌竞争时,它总是能奇迹般地解决问题,并且以更强壮之势卷土重来。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">今天,丰田已是全球第二大汽车制造商,仅次于通用汽车公司,在全球</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><font face="">170</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">个国家的年汽车销售量超过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><font face="">600</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">万辆,但是,丰田比全世界任何汽车制造商都要赚钱。汽车业分析师预估,若以现在的趋势持续下去,丰田汽车的全球销售量最终会超越通用汽车,而成为全世界最大的汽车制造商。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ''; mso-hansi-font-family: '';">汽车业界的每一个人,心脏许多消费者,都熟知丰田的显著成就与世界一流品质:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">丰田汽车公司在<span lang="EN-US">2003</span>年<span lang="EN-US">3</span>月底结束的会计年度,获利<span lang="EN-US">81.3</span>亿美元,比通用、克莱斯勒、福特<span lang="EN-US">3</span>家公司的获利总和还要高,同时也是过去<span lang="EN-US">10</span>年所有汽车制造商中年度获利最高者。该年度,丰田的净利润率比汽车业平均水准高<span lang="EN-US">8.3</span>倍。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">2003</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">年,美国前三大汽车制造商的股价下跌,丰田汽车公司股份却比<span lang="EN-US">2002</span>年上涨了<span lang="EN-US">24%</span>,截至<span lang="EN-US">2003</span>年,丰田的市值为<span lang="EN-US">1050</span>亿美元,比福特、通用、克莱斯勒<span lang="EN-US">3</span>家汽车公司的市值总和还要高,这是非常惊人的数字。丰田汽车公司的资产报酬率比汽车业平均报酬率高出<span lang="EN-US">8</span>倍。在过去<span lang="EN-US">25</span>年,该公司年年呈现获利,手中总是维持<span lang="EN-US">200</span>亿~<span lang="EN-US">300</span>亿美元的运营现金。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">丰田长达数十年维持日本汽车制造商排名第一,但在北美地区运远远落后美国前三大龙头,排名第四。不过,自<span lang="EN-US">2003</span>年<span lang="EN-US">8</span>月,丰田在北美地区的汽车销售量首度进入前三名,把克莱斯勒挤下前三名宝座。由此显示,丰田似乎最终还是能够成为称霸美国汽车市场前三大的常胜军(<span lang="EN-US">2002</span>年,丰田“凌志”车款在美国总计卖出<span lang="EN-US">180</span>万辆,其中<span lang="EN-US">120</span>万辆是在北美地区制造的;在美国汽车制造商寻找机会关闭工厂、降低在美国的产能、把生产基地移往海外的同时,丰田反而在美国快速扩张以提高新产能)。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">2003</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">年,丰田汽车品牌在美国的销售量超越过去<span lang="EN-US">100</span>年在美国市场销售量独占鳌头的两大知名品牌——福特与雪佛兰,其中,“佳美”(<span lang="EN-US">Camry</span>)车款是<span lang="EN-US">2003</span>年美国小客车销售量中排名第一者,在前面几年也曾经五度夺冠,“花冠”(<span lang="EN-US">Corolla</span>)车款销售量则在全球小型车市场领先。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">不久前,丰田以制造小型、基本的交通工具闻名,但在<span lang="EN-US">10</span>年间跃居豪华车市场龙头之列,该公司于<span lang="EN-US">1989</span>年推出“凌志”车款,到了<span lang="EN-US">2002</span>年,已经连续<span lang="EN-US">3</span>年在美国市场的销售量超越宝马(<span lang="EN-US">BMW</span>)、凯迪拉克(<span lang="EN-US">Cadillac</span>)、梅塞德斯<span lang="EN-US">-</span>奔驰(<span lang="EN-US">Mercedes-Benz</span>)。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">丰田发明了“精益生产”(<span lang="EN-US">lean production</span>),又名“丰田生产方式”(<span lang="EN-US">Toyota Production System,</span>简称<span lang="EN-US">TPS</span>),在过去<span lang="EN-US">10</span>年带动全球几乎所有产业进行变革,采用丰田的制造与供应链的管理理念与方法。丰田生产方式是许多探讨精益主题书籍的蓝本,包括两本畅销书:《改变世界的企业经营体制:精益生产的故事》<span lang="EN-US">(Ten Machine That Changed the World: The Story of Lean Production)</span>,《精益思维》(<span lang="EN-US">Lean Thinking</span>)。全球各地几乎每个产业的公司都希望招揽丰田的员,以利用他们的专长。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">丰田的产品发展流程是全世界最快速的,新客车与卡车的设计耗时不到<span lang="EN-US">12</span>个月,而其他竞争者通常得花上<span lang="EN-US">2</span>~<span lang="EN-US">3</span>年。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 45pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 45.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">l<span style="FONT: 7pt "";"> </span></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312;">丰田被全球各地事业伙伴与竞争者视为高品质、高生产力、制造速度与灵活弹性的典范。多年来,丰田制造的汽车一向被专业汽车研究机构<span lang="EN-US">J.D.Power</span>公司及《消费者报告》(<span lang="EN-US">Consumer Reports</span>)等期刊评选为最优品质之列。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p><font face=""></font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p><font face="">全文下载地址:<a href="http://www.pmsalon.org">www.pmsalon.org</a>, 资料下载区!</font></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; mso-line-height-alt: .25pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt;"><p><font face=""></font></p></span></p> ?????????? 不错 可以学习 <p>一年一顶</p> 为什么没有附件呀?
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