buter007 发表于 2007-9-18 09:49:39

应用文书段落的展开方式(二)

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(一)通过解释、说明和阐述主句展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">即具体对主句提出的概念、定义、主张或观点进行解释和阐述,以展开段落。例如:办学要体现改革的精神。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">//</SPAN>增设学院,不增加编制。要充分挖掘党校现有的师资、场地、设施等方面的潜力。还要充分利用各种社会智力资源,聘请有实践经验有理论素养的干部和企业家讲课,当客座教授。在生产(经营)、教学、科研相结合上下功夫,努力探索一条有特色的党校办学的新路子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">段中展开部分概说了如何体现办学改革精神的措施。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(二)以实例说明主句展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">用举例来陈述、证实、说明主句以展开段落,有的用具体事例,有的用概括性例子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">例如:纵观整个上世纪末,“珠江三角”的辉煌有目共睹。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">// 15</SPAN>年间,“珠江三角”以国内生产总值年均递增<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">18%</SPAN>的速度,将人均国民生产总值推上了<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1.1</SPAN>万元的高峰,成了中国最早跨入小康社会的地区之一。“珠江水”、“广东饼”,还有数不清的家用电器,几乎渗透到中国市场的每一个角落。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">列举几个例子时,则要注意叙述、说明的先后顺序。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(三)通过递进展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">即由浅入深层层推进,逐步深入说明事物本质属性或事理,以展开段落。它实质上是递进思路在段落中的运用。例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">目前养猪业已形成三种经营形式或称养猪的三个层次,即千家万户养猪、专业户养猪和工业化(工厂化)养猪。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">// </SPAN>前两者数量大,存栏和出栏总量约占全省<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">95%</SPAN>以上,占有举足轻重的地位。但这两个层次规模小、分散,限制了高科技的应用,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">因而</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">难于进一步提高繁殖率、产肉率、商品率和经济效益,属于低层次养猪。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">要把</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">这两个层次从数量增长型变为质量效益型,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">当务之急是</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">集中精力发展第三个层次,才能达到启动前两个低层次类型。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">// </SPAN>这是我省养猪业跃上新台阶的必由之路。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">这个段落在层层递进时,还适当运用了一些关联词语,使层次的递进关系更为清晰。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(四)通过数字说明展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">即通过数字说明主句以展开段落。这种方法,利于具体、准确地说明客观事物的现状及其变化。例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">四川已成为全国最大的商品猪基地。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">//</SPAN>改革开放以来,川猪以年递增<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">12%</SPAN>的速度稳定增长。出栏率达<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">91%</SPAN>,瘦肉率大面积达<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">48%</SPAN>以上,均达历史最高水平,数量上也保持着绝对优势,全省生猪存栏数已达<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">6400</SPAN>万头,数量已超过美国,仅次于苏联。全省养猪产值占农业产值<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">40%</SPAN>以上。全省人均吃肉已近<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">20</SPAN>千克<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">/</SPAN>年,距本世纪末我国人均吃肉<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">25</SPAN>千克<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">/</SPAN>年的奋斗目标不远。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(五)通过比较展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">即通过比较事物的差异或说明事物的相同点,来展开段落。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">例如:对技术人员的引进态度不一样。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">//</SPAN>发展快的张村,光从京、津等地请进的技术人才就有近百名,并采取师傅带徒弟的办法,为本地培养技术人员<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">326</SPAN>名。靠这些人,办企业<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">87</SPAN>个,今年新增产值<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">960</SPAN>元;发展慢的王村,只引进外地人才<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">11</SPAN>名。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(六)通过分类展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">即依据同一标准对事物分类,以展开段落。例如:<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">这次检查的内容为今年<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">6</SPAN>月份以来发生的各种乱涨价,乱收费行为。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">// </SPAN>(<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">1</SPAN>)违反国家规定,擅自涨价和扩大进销差率、批零差率、最高限价、指导价,提高商品价格及收费标准的行为;(<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">2</SPAN>)违反国家规定的调价备案、申报制度与监审品种的差率、利润率、临时性限价以及不实行明码标价的行为;(<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">3</SPAN>)违反国家规定,擅自提高化肥、农膜、农用柴油等农业生产资料最高限价的行为;(<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4</SPAN>)擅自扩大收费范围,随意提高收费标准以及自立名目乱收费的行为。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">例段中<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4</SPAN>类行为皆是符合“乱涨价,乱收费”的行为。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(七)通过总说与分述展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">即先综述后分说,实质上是总分思路在段落中的体现。综述要概括、准确,分说要善于辅陈,必要时可用序号,使分说条理更清楚。例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">县委、县政府把加快乡镇企业发展步伐作为全县经济上台阶、农民奔小康的突破口,领导重视,工作抓得实在。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">// </SPAN>县委县政府把乡镇企业工作列入重要工作日程,县委常委会、政府常务会多次专题研究乡镇企业工作,先后<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4</SPAN>次召开大型乡镇企业会安排部署、检查指导。县委书记、县长蹲在基层调查研究,协调解决问题;主管领导集中精力抓住不放。为各乡(镇)配备了抓乡镇企业的专职副乡(镇)长;充实和加强了县乡企局和乡(镇)企业办的工作力量。明确提出,不抓乡镇企业的领导不是称职的领导,要解放思想换脑筋,不换脑筋就换人,不上台阶就下台。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">例段中,分述从<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">4</SPAN>个方面对总说的“领导重视,工作抓得实在”加以了具体陈述。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(八)通过转折展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">即通过前后意思的转变以展开段落。例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">我省生猪经营放开后,多渠道流通发展迅速,市场繁荣。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">//</SPAN>但是也出现了一些值得重视的问题,突出的是生猪屠宰管理失控,流通秩序混乱,国家税收流失严重,肉品质量下降影响人民健康,群众反映强烈。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(九)通过排比句展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">排比是把三个以上结构相同或相似的、语气一致、意义相关的短语或句子连续排列起来使用的一种修辞方法。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">在应用文书中运用排比展开段落,能使叙说之事更加周密、完整,使所论之理更加透彻,使表达的内容更加突出,而且,排比句结构匀称,节奏鲜明有力,能大大增强文章的可读性和感染力。例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">只有不断巩固和扩大团结,才能维护稳定的社会局面,保持和谐的人际关系;才能挖掘蕴藏的潜力,充分发挥中国人民的聪明才智;才能振奋民族精神,凝聚海内外各方面的力量。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">权为民所用,情为民所系,事为民所用,利为民所谋。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">运用排比应注意服从内容需要,不要生拼硬凑,并注意短语或句子间的逻辑排序。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(十)通过时空的变化展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">以时间先后为序展开段落,来表述同一时间里不同地域、方位的情况。例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">我国经济体制的改革,已经经过了几年的酝酿和实践。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">// </SPAN>十一届三中全会在决定把全党工作重点转移到经济建设上来的同时就着重指出,为了实现社会主义现代化,必须对经济体制进行改革。那次会议以后,全党在拨乱反正和调整国民经济方面进行了大量工作,改革主要在农村进行。在完成指导思想上的拨乱反正、实现历史性伟大转折的基础上,党的十二大明确提出了有系统地进行经济体制改革的任务,并且指出这是坚持社会主义道路、实现社会主义现代化的重要保证。近两年来特别是今年以来,党中央、国务院又作出了一系列重要决策和指示,推动了各项改革的广泛深入发展。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">这是《中共中央关于经济体制改革的决定》中的一段话,展开部分以时间为序,分为四个阶段,十分精要地阐明了主句的意思。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">这种展开段落的方法类似于中国画中的“移步换形”技法。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96; mso-outline-level: 4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(十一)通过因果关系的表述展开段落</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">采用这种方式展开段落,既可由因及果,又可由果溯因。例如:</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">实行承包经营制后,该厂生产仍然上不去。<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">//</SPAN>其主要原因有以下几点。一、承包机制不健全,厂长的权、责、利没有紧密配合。二、上级主管部门的干预过多,厂里的自主权不够。三、技术力量薄弱,没有能力搞技术改造和开展新产品,以致产品在市场上缺乏竞争力。四、全厂职工当家作主的主人翁积极性也没有调动起来。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">展开段落的方法并不止以上这些,但应用写作常用这些方式。上述方式也常常不是单独使用,而是几种方法综合运用。有些方式,还可能与其他方式有交叉。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">选用怎样的方式展开段落,得依据表述的需要灵活运用。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #222222; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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